LM2574N-15 View Datasheet(PDF) - ON Semiconductor
Part Name
Description
Manufacturer
LM2574N-15 Datasheet PDF : 26 Pages
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LM2574, NCV2574
Pin
SO−16W PDIP−8
12
5
14
7
4
2
6
4
3
1
5
3
Symbol
Vin
Output
Sig Gnd
Pwr Gnd
Feedback
ON/OFF
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
Description (Refer to Figure 1)
This pin is the positive input supply for the LM2574 step−down switching regulator. In order to
minimize voltage transients and to supply the switching currents needed by the regulator, a
suitable input bypass capacitor must be present (Cin in Figure 1).
This is the emitter of the internal switch. The saturation voltage Vsat of this output switch is
typically 1.0 V. It should be kept in mind that the PCB area connected to this pin should be kept
to a minimum in order to minimize coupling to sensitive circuitry.
Circuit signal ground pin. See the information about the printed circuit board layout.
Circuit power ground pin. See the information about the printed circuit board layout.
This pin senses regulated output voltage to complete the feedback loop. The signal is divided by
the internal resistor divider network R2, R1 and applied to the non−inverting input of the internal
error amplifier. In the Adjustable version of the LM2574 switching regulator, this pin is the direct
input of the error amplifier and the resistor network R2, R1 is connected externally to allow
programming of the output voltage.
It allows the switching regulator circuit to be shut down using logic level signals, thus dropping the
total input supply current to approximately 80 mA. The input threshold voltage is typically 1.5 V.
Applying a voltage above this value (up to +Vin) shuts the regulator off. If the voltage applied to this
pin is lower than 1.5 V or if this pin is left open, the regulator will be in the “on” condition.
DESIGN PROCEDURE
Buck Converter Basics
The LM2574 is a “Buck” or Step−Down Converter which
is the most elementary forward−mode converter. Its basic
schematic can be seen in Figure 17.
The operation of this regulator topology has two distinct
time periods. The first one occurs when the series switch is
on, the input voltage is connected to the input of the inductor.
The output of the inductor is the output voltage, and the
rectifier (or catch diode) is reverse biased. During this
period, since there is a constant voltage source connected
across the inductor, the inductor current begins to linearly
ramp upwards, as described by the following equation:
ǒ Ǔ Vin – Vout ton
IL(on) +
L
During this “on” period, energy is stored within the core
material in the form of magnetic flux. If the inductor is
properly designed, there is sufficient energy stored to carry
the requirements of the load during the “off” period.
Power
Switch
L
Vin
D
Cout
RLoad
current loop. This removes the stored energy from the
inductor. The inductor current during this time is:
ǒ Ǔ Vout – VD toff
IL(off) +
L
This period ends when the power switch is once again
turned on. Regulation of the converter is accomplished by
varying the duty cycle of the power switch. It is possible to
describe the duty cycle as follows:
d
+
ton
T
,
where
T
is
the
period
of
switching.
For the buck converter with ideal components, the duty
cycle can also be described as:
d
+
Vout
Vin
Figure 18 shows the buck converter idealized waveforms
of the catch diode voltage and the inductor current.
Von(SW)
Power
Switch
Off
VD(FWD)
Power
Switch
On
Power
Switch
Off
Power
Switch
On
Time
Figure 17. Basic Buck Converter
The next period is the “off” period of the power switch.
When the power switch turns off, the voltage across the
inductor reverses its polarity and is clamped at one diode
voltage drop below ground by the catch diode. Current now
flows through the catch diode thus maintaining the load
Ipk
ILoad(AV)
Imin
Diode
Power
Switch
Diode
Power
Switch
Time
Figure 18. Buck Converter Idealized Waveforms
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